Endemic Bird Species
Endemic Bird Species refers to any species of bird found only in a specific geographical area.
The connection is restricted to WHS within which at least 1 bird species "endemic" to the area within which the site is situated is found. The rule for determining "Endemism" is that described by Birdlife International using the definition that an endemic bird species is one whose historic breeding range is less than 50000 sq kms.
Connected Sites
| Site | Rationale | Link |
| Ahwar of Southern Iraq | Basra Reed Warbler and Iraq Babbler | |
| Aldabra Atoll | Rail, Drongo, Fody, Warbler (probably extinct) | |
| Alejandro de Humboldt National Park | Of c24 endemic Cuban species around 12 can be found here | |
| Amami-Oshima Island | The nominated property is also part of an Endemic Bird Area (EBA), Nansei Shoto (AB ev) | |
| Andrefana Dry Forests | West Malagasy dry forests EBA, Bemaraha Tsingy National Park IBA: Coquerel's Coua, Schlegel's Asity | |
| Archipiélago de Revillagigedo | Socorro and Clarión wrens, the Socorro dove (extinct in wild), Clarión mourning dove, Socorro mockingbird, Socorro parakeet , Townsend's shearwater | |
| Australian Convict Sites | Darlington Probation Station - Maria Island has 10 endemic bird species | |
| Bale Mountains National Park | "Bird species richness includes approximately 363 bird species, 18 of which are endemic to Ethiopia." (AB ev) | |
| Blue and John Crow Mountains | 101 birds (32 endemics) | |
| Brazilian Atlantic Islands | Noronha Elaenia and Noronha Vireo | |
| Canaima National Park | Most of the 36 endemic birds of the Guyanan Highlands are totally restricted to the vicinity of the tepuis (UNEP-WCMC) | |
| Central Amazon Conservation Complex | Amazon flooded forest, Jaú National Park: Chestnut-headed Nunlet (Nonnula amaurocephala), Klages's Antwren (Myrmotherula klagesi) | |
| Central Highlands | Sri Lanka EBA, Peak Wilderness IBA, Knuckles IBA, Horton Plains IBA: various species | |
| Chiribiquete National Park | Several, including the Chiribiquete Emerald Hummingbird | |
| Cocos Island | Cocos Island EBA: Cocos Cuckoo (Coccyzus ferrugineus), Cocos Flycatcher (Nesotriccus ridgwayi), Cocos Finch (Pinaroloxias inornata) | |
| Colchic Rainforests and Wetlands | Species records include at least approximately 327 bird species. Of the birds, 123 breed in the nominated property, and exhibit high levels of endemism. (AB Ev) | |
| Darien National Park | two Endemic Bird Areas, the Darién and Urabá Lowlands below c.900m, and above this, the East Panama and Darién Highlands - at least 30 are restricted-range species (UNEP-WCMC) | |
| Dja Faunal Reserve | Cameroon and Gabon lowlands EBA, Dja Faunal Reserve IBA: Grey-necked Picathartes (Picathartes oreas), Forest Swallow (Hirundo fuliginosa), Rachel's Malimbe (Malimbus racheliae) | |
| East Rennell | Bare-eyed Whiteeye, Rennell Starling, Snakebill, Fantail | |
| Fraser Island | Eastern Australia EBA, Cooloola and Fraser Coast IBA: Black-breasted Buttonquail (Turnix melanogaster), Green Catbird (Ailuroedus crassirostris), Regent Bowerbird (Sericulus chrysocephalus), Pale-yellow Robin (Tregellasia capito) | |
| French Austral Lands and Seas | At least four species of birds are endemic, plus three other species endemic at a regional level. They include Eaton’s Pintail, MacGillivray's Prion and the Amsterdam Albatross. | |
| Galapagos Islands | Galapagos Finches (13), Mocking birds (4), Flycatcher, Rail, Hawk and Heron | |
| Garajonay | "Two species of bird, white-tailed and dark-tailed laurel pigeon, are endemic to the Canaries" (ab ev) | |
| Gough and Inaccessible Islands | Gough Island Rail and Bunting, Inaccessible Island Rail | |
| Hawaii Volcanoes | Hawai'i Island - apane, amakihi, Hawaiian creeper | |
| Heard and McDonald Islands | Heard Island Cormorant, Balck-faced Sheathbill (subspecies) | |
| Henderson Island | Henderson Crake, Fruit Dove, Lorikeet, Warblber | |
| Huanglong | West Sichuan mountains EBA: Chinese Monal (Lophophorus lhuysii), Sichuan Jay (Perisoreus internigrans) | |
| Ibiza | Balearic warbler, endemic to the Balearic islands | |
| Iguazu National Park | Atlantic forest lowlands - Canebrake Groundcreeper (Clibanornis dendrocolaptoides), Spotted Bamboowren (Psilorhamphus guttatus), Tawny-browed Owl (Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana), Temminck's Seedeater (Sporophila falcirostris), White-bearded Antshrike (Biatas nigropectus) | |
| Jiuzhaigou Valley | West Sichuan mountains EBA: Chinese Monal (Lophophorus lhuysii), Sichuan Jay (Perisoreus internigrans) | |
| Kaziranga National Park | Assam Plains EBA, Kaziranga IBA: Marsh Babbler (Pellorneum palustre), Black-breasted Parrotbill (Paradoxornis flavirostris) | |
| Lagoons of New Caledonia | New Caledonia EBA, several island IBA's: some 31 endemic bird species | |
| Laurisilva of Madeira | Madeira and the Canary Islands - Madeira Laurel Pigeon (Columba trocaz), Plain Swift (Apus unicolor), | |
| Lopé-Okanda | Cameroon and Gabon lowlands EBA, Lopé Faunal Reserve IBA: Grey-necked Picathartes (Picathartes oreas), Forest Swallow (Hirundo fuliginosa), Rachel's Malimbe (Malimbus racheliae), Dja River Warbler (Bradypterus grandis) | |
| Lord Howe Island | Lord Howe EBA and IBA: 6 species | |
| Macquarie Island | Macquarie Shag | |
| Manas Wildlife Sanctuary | Assam Plains EBA, Manas IBA: Marsh Babbler (Pellorneum palustre), Black-breasted Parrotbill (Paradoxornis flavirostris) | |
| Manu National Park | three Endemic Bird Areas represented within the Park: the South-East Peruvian lowlands, with 15 restricted range species, the Eastern Andean Foothills of Peru, with 11 restricted range species, and the High Peruvian Andes with 30 restricted range species, totalling 56 (UNEP-WCMC) | |
| Marquesas Islands | The archipelago is home to one of the most diverse seabird assemblages in the tropical waters of the South Pacific. It is one of the few known breeding sites in the world for 21 species of seabirds and 13 species and subspecies of land birds are endemic to the archipelago. Fatu Iva and Tahuata are respectively home to an endangered endemic species, òmaò keekee (around 30 individuals), and the pahi (less than 300 individuals estimated in 2017)." - AB Evaluation | |
| Morne Trois Pitons | St Lucia Parrot, Oriole, Black finch, Flycatcher, Pewee and House Wren | |
| Mount Emei, including Leshan Giant Buddha | Chinese Subtropical Forest EBA, Emei Shan: Omei Shan Liocichla (Liocichla omeiensis), Gold-fronted Fulvetta (Alcippe variegaticeps) | |
| Mount Hamiguitan | Philippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi) and the Philippine Cockatoo (Cacatua haematuropygia) | |
| Namib Sand Sea | Dune Lark (Certhilauda erythrochlamys) | |
| Northern Martinique | Martinique Oriole (Icterus bonana, VU) (AB ev) | |
| Ogasawara Islands | Ogasawara Islands (its own EBA) - Japanese Wood-pigeon (Columba janthina), Bonin Wood-pigeon (Columba versicolor), Bonin White-eye (Apalopteron familiare), Bonin Thrush (Zoothera terrestris), Bonin Grosbeak (Chaunoproctus ferreorostris) | |
| Papahanaumokuakea | four species of endemic birds have been identified, including remarkably isolated species such as the Nihoa Finch (Critically Endangered), Nihoa Millerbird (Critically Endangered), Laysan Finch (Vulnerable), and Laysan Duck (Critically Endangered), one of the world's rarest ducks (UNEP-WCMC) | |
| Paraty and Ilha Grande | Two Endemic Bird Areas are also found here, supporting 124 endemic bird species (57% of the total endemic bird species within the hotspot). | |
| Phong Nha - Ke Bang | The area is part of both an Endemic Bird Area and an Important Bird Area. 15 species are listed in the Vietnam Red Data Book and 20 in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (UNEP-WCMC) | |
| Pitons Management Area | five endemic bird species | |
| Pitons of Reunion | Réunion EBA, Piton des Neiges - Gros Morne: Olivaceous Bulbul (Hypsipetes borbonicus), Mascarene Grey White-eye (Zosterops borbonicus), Reunion Olive White-eye (Zosterops olivaceus), Reunion Stonechat (Saxicola tectes) | |
| Rock Islands | all of Palau's 9 endemic bird species have been observed in the RISL (AB ev) | |
| Sangay National Park | The Park contains two Endemic Bird Areas, the Central Andean Páramo, home to ten bird species of restricted range, and the Eastern Andes of Ecuador and northern Peru, home to 15 restricted-range species. (UNEP-WCMC) | |
| Sangha Trinational | Sangha Forest Robin | |
| Serra de Tramuntana | Balearic warbler, endemic to the Balearic islands | |
| Simien National Park | The Park lies within one of the world's Endemic Bird Areas .... The 137 recorded bird species .... include 16 endemic to Ethiopia (UNEP-WCMC) | |
| Sinharaja Forest | Sri Lanka has c29 endemic birds - around 20 are in Sinharaja | |
| Socotra Archipelago | Socotra Starling, Socotra Sunbird, Socotra Sparrow and Socotra Grosbeak | |
| St. Kilda | St Kilda Wren (sub species) | |
| Sub-Antarctic Islands | Definition of species/sub species in flux - c14 including species of Shag, Penguin, Parakeet, Snipe, Teal, Albatross, Rail, Oystercatcher, Fernbird | |
| Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley | The TCV is part of the Balsas Region and Interior Oaxaca Endemic Bird Area (EBA). There are 353 birds recorded, of which nine are endemic to Mexico (AB ev) | |
| Teide National Park | Tenerife blue chaffinch (Fringilla teydea) | |
| Three parallel rivers of Yunnan | Yunnan mountains Endemic Bird Area - White-speckled Laughingthrush (Garrulax bieti), Brown-winged Parrotbill (Paradoxornis brunneus), Yunnan Nuthatch (Sitta yunnanensis) | |
| Vallée de Mai | Seychelles Bulbul, Black Parrot, Kestrel, Swiftlet, Sunbird Blue Pigeon | |
| Western Ghats | Western Ghats Endemic Bird Area (Birdlife, 2010) with 16 endemic breeding species. (AB ev) | |
| Wet Tropics of Queensland | Queensland wet tropics EBA: 16 endemic bird species |
Suggestions?
Do you know of another WHS we could connect to Endemic Bird Species?
A connection should:
- Not be "self evident"
- Link at least 3 different sites
- Not duplicate or merely subdivide the "Category" assignment already identified on this site.
- Add some knowledge or insight (whether significant or trivial!) about WHS for the users of this site
- Be explained, with reference to a source